Gallery

45 antibody formats

Every entry renders from the AbML string shown beneath it. Click through to open it in the editor.

FragmentsCanonicalAsymmetric bispecific IgGAppended IgGFragment bispecificsFc fusionsTrispecificT-cell engagersReceptors
Fragments

7 formats

FvAbML: VH.a(1:2)|VL.a(2:1)VHVL
Fv The minimal antigen-binding unit: a VH–VL heterodimer with no constant domains.
VH.a(1:2)|VL.a(2:1)
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scFvAbML: VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)VHVL15
scFv VH and VL carried on one polypeptide and held together by a flexible linker.
VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)
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FabAbML: VH.a(1:3)-CH1(2:4){1}|VL.a(3:1)-CL(4:2){1}VHVLCH1CL
Fab Heavy-chain Fd (VH–CH1) disulfide-bonded to a complete light chain.
VH.a(1:3)-CH1(2:4){1}|VL.a(3:1)-CL(4:2){1}
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F(ab')2AbML: VH.a(1:4)-CH1(2:5){1}-H(3:8){2}|VL.a(4:1)-CL(5:2){1}|VH.a(6:9)-CH1(7:10){1}-H(8:3){2}|VL.a(9:6)-CL(10:7){1}CH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL
F(ab')2 Two Fab arms held together by the hinge disulfides, with no Fc.
VH.a(1:4)-CH1(2:5){1}-H(3:8){2}|VL.a(4:1)-CL(5:2){1}|VH.a(6:9)-CH1(7:10){1}-H(8:3){2}|VL.a(9:6)-CL(10:7){1}
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VHH (nanobody)AbML: VHH.a(1)VHH
VHH (nanobody) A single camelid heavy-chain variable domain that binds without a light chain.
VHH.a(1)
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Biparatopic VHHAbML: VHH.a(1)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(3)VHHVHH15
Biparatopic VHH Two VHH domains in tandem, each raised against a different epitope on one target.
VHH.a(1)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(3)
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Trivalent VHHAbML: VHH.a(1)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(3)-L(4)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.c(5)VHHVHHVHH1515
Trivalent VHH Three linked VHH domains giving three binding specificities on one short chain.
VHH.a(1)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(3)-L(4)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.c(5)
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Canonical

3 formats

IgG1AbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.a(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3(12:5)|VL.a(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL
IgG1 The parental monospecific, bivalent antibody that every format below modifies.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.a(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3(12:5)|VL.a(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}
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FcAbML: H(1:4){2}-CH2(2:5)-CH3(3:6)|H(4:1){2}-CH2(5:2)-CH3(6:3)CH2CH2CH3CH3
Fc The hinge–CH2–CH3 homodimer on its own, the effector and half-life module.
H(1:4){2}-CH2(2:5)-CH3(3:6)|H(4:1){2}-CH2(5:2)-CH3(6:3)
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One-armed IgGAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:8){2}-CH2(4:9)-CH3>(5:10)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|H(8:3){2}-CH2(9:4)-CH3@(10:5)CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVL
One-armed IgG Monovalent IgG: one Fab arm, a bare knob-into-hole Fc on the other side.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:8){2}-CH2(4:9)-CH3>(5:10)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|H(8:3){2}-CH2(9:4)-CH3@(10:5)
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Asymmetric bispecific IgG

9 formats

Knob-into-holeAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL
Knob-into-hole Reciprocal CH3 steric mutations drive heterodimerisation of two different heavy chains.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}
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Common light chainAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.ab(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL.ab(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL
Common light chain Both arms share one light chain, so only heavy-chain pairing has to be engineered. The shared chain carries both specificities, per the AbML convention.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.ab(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL.ab(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}
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CrossMab CH1-CLAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CL(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CH1(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCLCH1VHVL
CrossMab CH1-CL CH1 and CL are exchanged in one arm, so the wrong light chain can no longer pair.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CL(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CH1(14:9){1}
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CrossMab VH-VLAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VL.b(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VH.b(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCH1CLVLVH
CrossMab VH-VL VH and VL are exchanged in one arm, keeping the constant-domain interface untouched.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VL.b(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VH.b(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}
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CrossMab FabAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VL.b(8:13)-CL(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VH.b(13:8)-CH1(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCLCH1VLVH
CrossMab Fab The whole Fab is swapped in one arm — both the variable and the constant pair cross over.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VL.b(8:13)-CL(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VH.b(13:8)-CH1(14:9){1}
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Orthogonal FabAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH*+.b(8:13)-CH1*>(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL*_.b(13:8)-CL*@(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVL∗CH1∗CL+∗VH−∗VL
Orthogonal Fab Complementary charge and steric mutations across both Fab interfaces enforce correct pairing.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH*+.b(8:13)-CH1*>(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL*_.b(13:8)-CL*@(14:9){1}
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Charge-pair bispecificAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1*+(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3*+(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL*_(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CH1*_(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3*_(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CL*+(14:9){1}CH2CH2+∗CH3−∗CH3+∗CH1−∗CLVHVL−∗CH1+∗CLVHVL
Charge-pair bispecific Electrostatic steering: opposing charges at the CH3 and CH1/CL interfaces instead of knobs.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1*+(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3*+(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL*_(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CH1*_(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3*_(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CL*+(14:9){1}
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DuetMabAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CH1*(9:14){1}[MOD:DISULFIDE]-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CL*(14:9){1}[MOD:DISULFIDE]CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVL∗CH1∗CLVHVL
DuetMab Knob-into-hole plus an engineered CH1–CL disulfide replacing the native one in one arm.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3>(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.b(8:13)-CH1*(9:14){1}[MOD:DISULFIDE]-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3@(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CL*(14:9){1}[MOD:DISULFIDE]
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kappa-lambda bodyAbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}[NOTE:kappa]|VH.a(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}[NOTE:lambda]CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL
kappa-lambda body One common heavy chain pairs with a kappa and a lambda light chain, giving two specificities.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}[NOTE:kappa]|VH.a(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3(12:5)|VL.b(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}[NOTE:lambda]
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Appended IgG

7 formats

DVD-IgAbML: VH.b(1:8)-L(2)[LENGTH:6]-VH.a(3:10)-CH1(4:11){1}-H(5:16){2}-CH2(6:17)-CH3(7:18)|VL.b(8:1)-L(9)[LENGTH:6]-VL.a(10:3)-CL(11:4){1}|VH.b(12:19)-L(13)[LENGTH:6]-VH.a(14:21)-CH1(15:22){1}-H(16:5){2}-CH2(17:6)-CH3(18:7)|VL.b(19:12)-L(20)[LENGTH:6]-VL.a(21:14)-CL(22:15){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLVHVLCH1CLVHVLVHVL6666
DVD-Ig A second variable domain stacked N-terminal to each native one: tetravalent and bispecific.
VH.b(1:8)-L(2)[LENGTH:6]-VH.a(3:10)-CH1(4:11){1}-H(5:16){2}-CH2(6:17)-CH3(7:18)|VL.b(8:1)-L(9)[LENGTH:6]-VL.a(10:3)-CL(11:4){1}|VH.b(12:19)-L(13)[LENGTH:6]-VH.a(14:21)-CH1(15:22){1}-H(16:5){2}-CH2(17:6)-CH3(18:7)|VL.b(19:12)-L(20)[LENGTH:6]-VL.a(21:14)-CL(22:15){1}
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IgG-scFv (heavy C-term)AbML: VH.a(1:10)-CH1(2:11){1}-H(3:14){2}-CH2(4:15)-CH3(5:16)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(7:9)-L(8)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(9:7)|VL.a(10:1)-CL(11:2){1}|VH.a(12:21)-CH1(13:22){1}-H(14:3){2}-CH2(15:4)-CH3(16:5)-L(17)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(18:20)-L(19)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(20:18)|VL.a(21:12)-CL(22:13){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3VHVLVHVLCH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL15151515
IgG-scFv (heavy C-term) An scFv fused to each heavy-chain C-terminus — tetravalent, bispecific, symmetric.
VH.a(1:10)-CH1(2:11){1}-H(3:14){2}-CH2(4:15)-CH3(5:16)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(7:9)-L(8)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(9:7)|VL.a(10:1)-CL(11:2){1}|VH.a(12:21)-CH1(13:22){1}-H(14:3){2}-CH2(15:4)-CH3(16:5)-L(17)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(18:20)-L(19)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(20:18)|VL.a(21:12)-CL(22:13){1}
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IgG-scFv (light C-term)AbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:14){2}-CH2(4:15)-CH3(5:16)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}-L(8)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(9:11)-L(10)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(11:9)|VH.a(12:17)-CH1(13:18){1}-H(14:3){2}-CH2(15:4)-CH3(16:5)|VL.a(17:12)-CL(18:13){1}-L(19)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(20:22)-L(21)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(22:20)CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVLVHVLVHVL15151515
IgG-scFv (light C-term) The same idea with the scFv hung off each light-chain C-terminus instead.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:14){2}-CH2(4:15)-CH3(5:16)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}-L(8)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(9:11)-L(10)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(11:9)|VH.a(12:17)-CH1(13:18){1}-H(14:3){2}-CH2(15:4)-CH3(16:5)|VL.a(17:12)-CL(18:13){1}-L(19)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(20:22)-L(21)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(22:20)
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scFv-IgG (heavy N-term)AbML: VH.b(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(3:1)-L(4)[LENGTH:15]-VH.a(5:10)-CH1(6:11){1}-H(7:18){2}-CH2(8:19)-CH3(9:20)|VL.a(10:5)-CL(11:6){1}|VH.b(12:14)-L(13)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(14:12)-L(15)[LENGTH:15]-VH.a(16:21)-CH1(17:22){1}-H(18:7){2}-CH2(19:8)-CH3(20:9)|VL.a(21:16)-CL(22:17){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLVLVHCH1CLVHVLVLVH15151515
scFv-IgG (heavy N-term) An scFv placed ahead of each VH, so the second specificity sits at the tip of the arm.
VH.b(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(3:1)-L(4)[LENGTH:15]-VH.a(5:10)-CH1(6:11){1}-H(7:18){2}-CH2(8:19)-CH3(9:20)|VL.a(10:5)-CL(11:6){1}|VH.b(12:14)-L(13)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(14:12)-L(15)[LENGTH:15]-VH.a(16:21)-CH1(17:22){1}-H(18:7){2}-CH2(19:8)-CH3(20:9)|VL.a(21:16)-CL(22:17){1}
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IgG-VHHAbML: VH.a(1:8)-CH1(2:9){1}-H(3:12){2}-CH2(4:13)-CH3(5:14)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(7)|VL.a(8:1)-CL(9:2){1}|VH.a(10:17)-CH1(11:18){1}-H(12:3){2}-CH2(13:4)-CH3(14:5)-L(15)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(16)|VL.a(17:10)-CL(18:11){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3VHHVHHCH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL1515
IgG-VHH A single VHH domain on each heavy-chain C-terminus — the smallest symmetric append.
VH.a(1:8)-CH1(2:9){1}-H(3:12){2}-CH2(4:13)-CH3(5:14)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(7)|VL.a(8:1)-CL(9:2){1}|VH.a(10:17)-CH1(11:18){1}-H(12:3){2}-CH2(13:4)-CH3(14:5)-L(15)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(16)|VL.a(17:10)-CL(18:11){1}
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Two-in-one Fab (DAF)AbML: VH.ab(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3(5:12)|VL.ab(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.ab(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3(12:5)|VL.ab(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL
Two-in-one Fab (DAF) One paratope engineered to bind two antigens, so the molecule stays a plain IgG.
VH.ab(1:6)-CH1(2:7){1}-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3(5:12)|VL.ab(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.ab(8:13)-CH1(9:14){1}-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3(12:5)|VL.ab(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}
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ADC (site-specific)AbML: VH.a(1:6)-CH1^(2:7){1}[MOD:CONJUGATION]-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.a(8:13)-CH1^(9:14){1}[MOD:CONJUGATION]-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3(12:5)|VL.a(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3◆CH1CLVHVL◆CH1CLVHVL
ADC (site-specific) An IgG carrying defined conjugation sites for a cytotoxic payload.
VH.a(1:6)-CH1^(2:7){1}[MOD:CONJUGATION]-H(3:10){2}-CH2(4:11)-CH3(5:12)|VL.a(6:1)-CL(7:2){1}|VH.a(8:13)-CH1^(9:14){1}[MOD:CONJUGATION]-H(10:3){2}-CH2(11:4)-CH3(12:5)|VL.a(13:8)-CL(14:9){1}
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Fragment bispecifics

6 formats

BiTE (tandem scFv)AbML: VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)-L(4)[LENGTH:5]-VH.b(5:7)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(7:5)VHVLVHVL15515
BiTE (tandem scFv) Two scFvs in tandem on one chain — the T-cell engager archetype, no Fc at all.
VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)-L(4)[LENGTH:5]-VH.b(5:7)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(7:5)
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DiabodyAbML: VH.a(1:6)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:4)|VH.b(4:3)-L(5)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(6:1)VHVLVLVH55
Diabody A 5-residue linker is too short for VH to fold back onto its own VL, so two chains cross-pair.
VH.a(1:6)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:4)|VH.b(4:3)-L(5)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(6:1)
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scDiabodyAbML: VH.a(1:7)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:5)-L(4)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(5:3)-L(6)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(7:1)VHVLVLVH5155
scDiabody The diabody folded onto a single chain by adding a third, longer middle linker.
VH.a(1:7)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:5)-L(4)[LENGTH:15]-VH.b(5:3)-L(6)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(7:1)
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DARTAbML: VH.a(1:7)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:5)-H*(4:8){1}[MOD:DISULFIDE]|VH.b(5:3)-L(6)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(7:1)-H*(8:4){1}[MOD:DISULFIDE]VHVLVLVH55
DART A diabody locked by an added C-terminal interchain disulfide for stability.
VH.a(1:7)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:5)-H*(4:8){1}[MOD:DISULFIDE]|VH.b(5:3)-L(6)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(7:1)-H*(8:4){1}[MOD:DISULFIDE]
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TandAbAbML: VH.a(1:14)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:12)-L(4)[LENGTH:5]-VH.b(5:10)-L(6)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(7:8)|VH.a(8:7)-L(9)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(10:5)-L(11)[LENGTH:5]-VH.b(12:3)-L(13)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(14:1)VHVLVLVHVHVLVLVH555555
TandAb Two identical four-domain chains dimerise head-to-tail into a tetravalent bispecific.
VH.a(1:14)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:12)-L(4)[LENGTH:5]-VH.b(5:10)-L(6)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(7:8)|VH.a(8:7)-L(9)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(10:5)-L(11)[LENGTH:5]-VH.b(12:3)-L(13)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(14:1)
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TriplebodyAbML: VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)-L(4)[LENGTH:10]-VH.b(5:7)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(7:5)-L(8)[LENGTH:10]-VH.c(9:11)-L(10)[LENGTH:15]-VL.c(11:9)VHVLVHVLVHVL1510151015
Triplebody Three scFvs in a row on one chain, giving three specificities without an Fc.
VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)-L(4)[LENGTH:10]-VH.b(5:7)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(7:5)-L(8)[LENGTH:10]-VH.c(9:11)-L(10)[LENGTH:15]-VL.c(11:9)
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Fc fusions

7 formats

scFv-FcAbML: VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)-H(4:10){2}-CH2(5:11)-CH3(6:12)|VH.a(7:9)-L(8)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(9:7)-H(10:4){2}-CH2(11:5)-CH3(12:6)CH2CH2CH3CH3VLVHVLVH1515
scFv-Fc An scFv on each side of an Fc: bivalent, monospecific, roughly half the mass of an IgG.
VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)-H(4:10){2}-CH2(5:11)-CH3(6:12)|VH.a(7:9)-L(8)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(9:7)-H(10:4){2}-CH2(11:5)-CH3(12:6)
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VHH-Fc (HCAb)AbML: VHH.a(1)-H(2:6){2}-CH2(3:7)-CH3(4:8)|VHH.a(5)-H(6:2){2}-CH2(7:3)-CH3(8:4)CH2CH2CH3CH3VHHVHH
VHH-Fc (HCAb) Camelid-style heavy-chain-only antibody: one VHH per chain, straight onto the hinge.
VHH.a(1)-H(2:6){2}-CH2(3:7)-CH3(4:8)|VHH.a(5)-H(6:2){2}-CH2(7:3)-CH3(8:4)
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Bispecific VHH-FcAbML: VHH.a(1)-H(2:6){2}-CH2(3:7)-CH3>(4:8)|VHH.b(5)-H(6:2){2}-CH2(7:3)-CH3@(8:4)CH2CH2CH3CH3VHHVHH
Bispecific VHH-Fc Two different VHH domains on a knob-into-hole Fc — the compact asymmetric bispecific.
VHH.a(1)-H(2:6){2}-CH2(3:7)-CH3>(4:8)|VHH.b(5)-H(6:2){2}-CH2(7:3)-CH3@(8:4)
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Tandem scFv-FcAbML: VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)-L(4)[LENGTH:10]-VH.b(5:7)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(7:5)-H(8:18){2}-CH2(9:19)-CH3(10:20)|VH.a(11:13)-L(12)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(13:11)-L(14)[LENGTH:10]-VH.b(15:17)-L(16)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(17:15)-H(18:8){2}-CH2(19:9)-CH3(20:10)CH2CH2CH3CH3VLVHVLVHVLVHVLVH151015151015
Tandem scFv-Fc Two tandem scFvs per chain on an Fc: tetravalent and bispecific, fully symmetric.
VH.a(1:3)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(3:1)-L(4)[LENGTH:10]-VH.b(5:7)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(7:5)-H(8:18){2}-CH2(9:19)-CH3(10:20)|VH.a(11:13)-L(12)[LENGTH:15]-VL.a(13:11)-L(14)[LENGTH:10]-VH.b(15:17)-L(16)[LENGTH:15]-VL.b(17:15)-H(18:8){2}-CH2(19:9)-CH3(20:10)
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Diabody-FcAbML: VH.a(1:9)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:7)-H(4:10){2}-CH2(5:11)-CH3(6:12)|VH.b(7:3)-L(8)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(9:1)-H(10:4){2}-CH2(11:5)-CH3(12:6)CH2CH2CH3CH3VLVHVLVH55
Diabody-Fc A diabody grafted onto an Fc, which restores long serum half-life.
VH.a(1:9)-L(2)[LENGTH:5]-VL.b(3:7)-H(4:10){2}-CH2(5:11)-CH3(6:12)|VH.b(7:3)-L(8)[LENGTH:5]-VL.a(9:1)-H(10:4){2}-CH2(11:5)-CH3(12:6)
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Receptor-Fc trapAbML: X(1)[TYPE:FUSION,NOTE:receptor ectodomain]-H(2:6){2}-CH2(3:7)-CH3(4:8)|X(5)[TYPE:FUSION,NOTE:receptor ectodomain]-H(6:2){2}-CH2(7:3)-CH3(8:4)CH2CH2CH3CH3XX
Receptor-Fc trap A soluble receptor ectodomain on an Fc, used to soak up a ligand.
X(1)[TYPE:FUSION,NOTE:receptor ectodomain]-H(2:6){2}-CH2(3:7)-CH3(4:8)|X(5)[TYPE:FUSION,NOTE:receptor ectodomain]-H(6:2){2}-CH2(7:3)-CH3(8:4)
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Zipper-assembled bispecificAbML: VH.a(1:7)-CH1(2:8){1}-H(3:11){2}-CH2(4:12)-CH3(5:13)-X(6:14)[TYPE:ZIPPER]|VL.a(7:1)-CL(8:2){1}|VH.b(9:15)-CH1(10:16){1}-H(11:3){2}-CH2(12:4)-CH3(13:5)-X(14:6)[TYPE:ZIPPER]|VL.b(15:9)-CL(16:10){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3XXCH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL
Zipper-assembled bispecific A leucine zipper on each C-terminus forces the two different half-antibodies together.
VH.a(1:7)-CH1(2:8){1}-H(3:11){2}-CH2(4:12)-CH3(5:13)-X(6:14)[TYPE:ZIPPER]|VL.a(7:1)-CL(8:2){1}|VH.b(9:15)-CH1(10:16){1}-H(11:3){2}-CH2(12:4)-CH3(13:5)-X(14:6)[TYPE:ZIPPER]|VL.b(15:9)-CL(16:10){1}
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Trispecific

2 formats

Trispecific IgG-scFvAbML: VH.a(1:10)-CH1(2:11){1}-H(3:14){2}-CH2(4:15)-CH3>(5:16)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VH.c(7:9)-L(8)[LENGTH:15]-VL.c(9:7)|VL.a(10:1)-CL(11:2){1}|VH.b(12:17)-CH1(13:18){1}-H(14:3){2}-CH2(15:4)-CH3@(16:5)|VL.b(17:12)-CL(18:13){1}CH2CH2CH3CH3VHVLCH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL1515
Trispecific IgG-scFv A knob-into-hole bispecific with a third specificity appended as an scFv on one chain.
VH.a(1:10)-CH1(2:11){1}-H(3:14){2}-CH2(4:15)-CH3>(5:16)-L(6)[LENGTH:15]-VH.c(7:9)-L(8)[LENGTH:15]-VL.c(9:7)|VL.a(10:1)-CL(11:2){1}|VH.b(12:17)-CH1(13:18){1}-H(14:3){2}-CH2(15:4)-CH3@(16:5)|VL.b(17:12)-CL(18:13){1}
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Trispecific VHH-FcAbML: VHH.a(1)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(3)-H(4:8){2}-CH2(5:9)-CH3>(6:10)|VHH.c(7)-H(8:4){2}-CH2(9:5)-CH3@(10:6)CH2CH2CH3CH3VHHVHHVHH15
Trispecific VHH-Fc Three VHH domains distributed across a knob-into-hole Fc.
VHH.a(1)-L(2)[LENGTH:15]-VHH.b(3)-H(4:8){2}-CH2(5:9)-CH3>(6:10)|VHH.c(7)-H(8:4){2}-CH2(9:5)-CH3@(10:6)
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T-cell engagers

2 formats

2+1 TCB (CrossMab CH1-CL)AbML: VH.a(1:16)[ANTI:CEA]-CH1(2:17){1}-L(3)[LENGTH:10]-VH.b(4:9)[ANTI:CD3e]-CL(5:10){1}-H(6:13){2}-CH2*(7:14)[MOD:NOADCCCDC,NOTE:P329G LALA]-CH3>(8:15)|VL.b(9:4)[ANTI:CD3e]-CH1(10:5){1}|VH.a(11:18)[ANTI:CEA]-CH1(12:19){1}-H(13:6){2}-CH2*(14:7)[MOD:NOADCCCDC,NOTE:P329G LALA]-CH3@(15:8)|VL.a(16:1)[ANTI:CEA]-CL(17:2){1}|VL.a(18:11)[ANTI:CEA]-CL(19:12){1}∗CH2∗CH2CH3CH3CLCH1VHVLCH1CLVHVLCH1CLVHVL10
2+1 TCB (CrossMab CH1-CL) Bivalent for the tumour antigen, monovalent for CD3. The tumour Fab is fused head-to-tail to the N-terminus of the CD3 CrossFab, which sits proximal to the hinge. Cibisatamab geometry.
VH.a(1:16)[ANTI:CEA]-CH1(2:17){1}-L(3)[LENGTH:10]-VH.b(4:9)[ANTI:CD3e]-CL(5:10){1}-H(6:13){2}-CH2*(7:14)[MOD:NOADCCCDC,NOTE:P329G LALA]-CH3>(8:15)|VL.b(9:4)[ANTI:CD3e]-CH1(10:5){1}|VH.a(11:18)[ANTI:CEA]-CH1(12:19){1}-H(13:6){2}-CH2*(14:7)[MOD:NOADCCCDC,NOTE:P329G LALA]-CH3@(15:8)|VL.a(16:1)[ANTI:CEA]-CL(17:2){1}|VL.a(18:11)[ANTI:CEA]-CL(19:12){1}
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2+1 TCB (CrossMab VH-VL, charged)AbML: VH.a(1:16)[ANTI:CD20]-CH1*+(2:17){1}[MOD:PI]-L(3)[LENGTH:10]-VL.b(4:9)[ANTI:CD3e]-CH1(5:10){1}-H(6:13){2}-CH2*(7:14)[MOD:NOADCCCDC,NOTE:P329G LALA]-CH3>(8:15)|VH.b(9:4)[ANTI:CD3e]-CL(10:5){1}|VH.a(11:18)[ANTI:CD20]-CH1*+(12:19){1}[MOD:PI]-H(13:6){2}-CH2*(14:7)[MOD:NOADCCCDC,NOTE:P329G LALA]-CH3@(15:8)|VL.a(16:1)[ANTI:CD20]-CL*_(17:2){1}[MOD:PI]|VL.a(18:11)[ANTI:CD20]-CL*_(19:12){1}[MOD:PI]∗CH2∗CH2CH3CH3CH1CLVLVH+∗CH1−∗CLVHVL+∗CH1−∗CLVHVL10
2+1 TCB (CrossMab VH-VL, charged) The same 2:1 geometry with VH/VL exchanged in the CD3 Fab instead, plus charge pairs in the untouched Fabs to suppress the Bence-Jones-like side product. Glofitamab geometry.
VH.a(1:16)[ANTI:CD20]-CH1*+(2:17){1}[MOD:PI]-L(3)[LENGTH:10]-VL.b(4:9)[ANTI:CD3e]-CH1(5:10){1}-H(6:13){2}-CH2*(7:14)[MOD:NOADCCCDC,NOTE:P329G LALA]-CH3>(8:15)|VH.b(9:4)[ANTI:CD3e]-CL(10:5){1}|VH.a(11:18)[ANTI:CD20]-CH1*+(12:19){1}[MOD:PI]-H(13:6){2}-CH2*(14:7)[MOD:NOADCCCDC,NOTE:P329G LALA]-CH3@(15:8)|VL.a(16:1)[ANTI:CD20]-CL*_(17:2){1}[MOD:PI]|VL.a(18:11)[ANTI:CD20]-CL*_(19:12){1}[MOD:PI]
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Receptors

2 formats

TCR alpha-betaAbML: VA(1:3)-CA(2:4){1}|VB(3:1)-CB(4:2){1}VAVBCACB
TCR alpha-beta The alpha/beta T-cell receptor ectodomain pair.
VA(1:3)-CA(2:4){1}|VB(3:1)-CB(4:2){1}
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TCR gamma-deltaAbML: VG(1:3)-CG(2:4){1}|VD(3:1)-CD(4:2){1}VGVDCGCD
TCR gamma-delta The gamma/delta T-cell receptor ectodomain pair.
VG(1:3)-CG(2:4){1}|VD(3:1)-CD(4:2){1}
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